But officials at CP&L, which operates the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant in New Hill, said the concern is unwarranted, citing existing safety measures at the plant.
They claim that leaders petitioning for increased security are using recent events to push a previously existing agenda.
Fourteen leaders from across the state, including eight Orange County and Chapel Hill officials, sent a letter to CP&L CEO William Cavanaugh proposing a major risk-minimization initiative for the plant.
The letter calls for measures to decrease the attractiveness of the nuclear plant as a potential target for terrorist attacks. There also is a demand for increased security to reduce the damage and potential loss of life if an attack does occur.
"The public is understandably frightened by the potential for an attack on a nuclear plant, and that concern may never go away," said Gary Phillips, chairman of the Chatham County Board of Commissioners.
Phillips, who signed the letter, said now is the time to minimize the potential for radiological releases.
"We cannot afford to gamble when dealing with terrorism and public safety," Phillips said.
The letter cites one of the officials' greatest concerns as CP&L's importation of nuclear waste from outside plants on slow-moving trains. These trains are easy terrorist targets and inevitably draw attention to Shearon Harris, the proposal states.
The proposed risk-minimization initiative calls for the end of these imports.